Emigration is a process whereby natives of a certain country leave their
country to settle in another country. There are many reasons why people choose
to emigrate. The factors that motivates migration can be categorised into
two: pull factors and push factors. Pull factors are incentives
that attract migrants to other countries. Among these are: job
opportunities, better education, political and economic freedom just to mention
but a few. The push factors are: famine and drought, war, political
instability, cultural and tribal conflicts, lack of employment opportunities
and increased poverty rates among others. More often, most emigrants return to
their homelands only after they have earned enough money from the other
countries. Emigration both consists of pros and cons. It may be advantageous in
present but have a severe negative effect in future in nation’s economic growth
and hence slows down the development if isn’t acted with good future planning.
Emigration if not acted accordingly then can lead to be a severe effect in the
development of the country. Emigration may be a better option to maintain
better economic condition for some individuals in present but as
they are not aware of their future they may have to live their life regretting.
On one side, it might result on a brain drain for a country or in isolation and
injustices for a person. Although, on the other side, emigration can help to
improve the economy of a person, as well as the life style and economic
opportunities of a person. But a country isn’t created by a person only and
hence those individuals should have to look for the future generations too.
According to the
emigrational statics of Nepal, more and more Nepalese migrate to different countries
in the name of study, work, and medical treatment and or various training
purposes. Many Nepalese youths are too emigrated in various golf countries as a
result of human trafficking, slave trade and sex workers. Among them too the
number of youths are the most and hence it has started to become a major
problem in development of nation. Studying abroad the courses wished is not a
bad idea but the problem creates when these Nepalese talents are wasted in
those countries in the process of studying. Emigration
can have a negative effect on the welfare of a certain country because it can
cause a brain drain. The skilled and educated people, such as doctors, lawyers,
engineers and teachers of the developing countries often emigrate to rich and
more developed ones, such as the US, which offer them things that their country
cannot offer. Some youths after completing their studies stay abroad in
the name of earning as Nepal couldn’t pay sufficient for their talents. This
practices too has hampered a lot in Nepal’s developmental status. These youths
study abroad in scholarship or in government funds and at last hesitate to
return back after completing their study as they become attracted towards
foreign land saying they cannot maintain their living standard here in Nepal. These
youth after achieving their successful education if returns back to Nepal and
teach others then the future generation too does not have to rely upon foreign
education system which leads to a better educational growth inside the country.
They too can run their skills based developmental work for the development of
nations.
Different countries have
different educational systems and some may be better than others. Students may
find better educational opportunities when they emigrate. Students in all grade
levels may be able to attend better schools from elementary to universities.
Education conditions are better in US, UK, Australia and many other developed
countries than in Nepal. Students can get free accommodation, scholarships, job
in the future. Good quality of life is guaranteed. For the very reason to
fulfil their dreams some youths migrate in the name of studying to work in
various developed countries. Emigrants may move to other countries to seek jobs
in the name of studying. However, they are faced with problems in getting good
jobs. Many migrants end up doing odd jobs to make a living or to pay their
college fees and meet the living standards of those developed countries. This
is as due to having academic qualifications that may not be recognized in those
developed countries. For this very reason, those who migrate in the name of
various purposes has somewhere a hidden ambition of residing in that country
for work. Youth who migrates in those countries in the name of studying
purposes is just showy. Their main goal is to establish a better living
standard in the same country by working more than studying. Might be they work
there in the name of paying for college fee but the habit of working and
studying vastly attracts them towards work more than study which in near future
converts into their full time work leaving education. As money attracts all of
us we then leave our study and work there whatever work we get without knowing
our own potential. There are many youths who migrates to different country in
the name of education to work as they can get a better pay for doing some
laborious work and then can maintain their economic conditions. This practice
leads to emigration of human manpower required for the development of the
country.
Some other reasons for
the youths to emigrate are like for Financial Stability, Health Benefits, Self-
expression and many more. People who emigrate may do so for financial reasons.
One reason to emigrate may be to avoid inflation with higher costs, and the
country they are leaving may not be providing adequate pay. The economy in the
country where the person decides to immigrate to may offer better chances for
job advancement, higher pay rates and more employment opportunities. Health
benefits may refer to better health care, having a healthy home environment,
better housing conditions, access to better medicine or the opportunity to stay
fit through recreation. Every year many professionals from Nepal migrate to
developed countries such as Canada, US, UK, and many others to work as doctors,
engineers, or other professionals. This is good for the rich countries,
but can be bad for the developing countries. Allowing foreign professionals to
work overseas can cause many problems back home. First, the rich country is
essentially taking the money that the developing country spent
educating these workers. They are getting highly trained employees at a minimal
cost without the need to build expensive universities. Why should Canada, US,
UK, and many other developed countries benefit from Nepal’s education
system? Another point is that many of these workers never go
home. The skills they pick up abroad are not available for their home
country. A third point is that many education systems are producing people
for export, rather than providing skills needed in the home country. And hence
this is the major problem of brain drain in the context of Nepal which has led
Nepal in the slow development.
However, we cannot simply
stop employing workers from overseas. First, most professionals are free
to work where they want, and if Australia won’t take them, the UAE or Saudi
will. Competition exists, and people are free to choose their careers. Nepalese
regarded as the bravery item in the context of history of Nepal can easily
obtain the bravery jobs in minimum payment which in returns turns out to be
maximum for those individuals and hence without knowing the actual value of
their labour and hard work they happily surrender in these kinds of bravery
works. Secondly, the remittances from these workers help to educate
children. These children will, we hope, be able to work in their economy
without the need to emigrate. Developing countries need to examine why so
many of their brightest, most talented and laborious people are leaving,
and richer countries need quotas in place to ensure that they do not
distort other education systems, economies and skilled manpower. But just think
if every youth who had acquired any skilled knowledge returns back to Nepal
after their successful study and do something that suits their skills rather
than wasting their talent abroad, it would help in development of Nepal. And
then in future we can produce those opportunities of skills here within Nepal
which would help for the upcoming future generations to realise that the skill
they wished to gain can be found here within Nepal. Then they too won’t head
abroad and so more and more skilled manpower can be created by ourselves here
within Nepal. We all know that Nepal’s economic condition is degrading day by
day and we are the same people who talks about it in different social Medias
and share our thoughts but none of us has studied why this all is happening. If
rather than sharing ideas in Medias if we ourselves share the awareness about
the both present and future harm for the country by going abroad and do help in
the development than it would create some sense. I here don’t mean that going
abroad is bad for the country but studying abroad and spending the same
knowledge only there in abroad is bad. Don’t forget that we are the same people
to develop our nations. Those developed countries too were like us in past.
They too created skilled by themselves there within and now has reached in that
standard. So we too rather than spending our skills abroad if we create those
skills here within and spread it would surely lead us to developed Nepal one
day.
The main reason of
emigration of youths of Nepal to some developed countries is also due to the
political instability. The political situation in present Nepal is so bad that
no youths wants to waste their valuable time in improving the political
stability. Due to the negligence of members of CA in Nepal, youths now have
believed that Nepal is not the right place for them to spend their future and
hence head abroad in different purposes. By this practices a large brain-drain
has already been started and now Nepal is leftover with only under skilled and
uneducated youths. And also for the sake of living these uneducated blindfolded
people follow political practices under the influence of so-called great
politicians as if these politicians are the only left overs to develop the
nation. These uneducated people then in the name of political party have to
struggle a lot for their living which ultimately have been an easy way to
conduct political instability. A vast number of emigrants from Nepal can be
controlled if political stability is maintained and then another big step for
development can be added. The required skilled manpower is wasted in vain
abroad as Nepal political situation is not under control which has seemed to be
a big cause of brain-drain in Nepal. Youths feel unsafe to stay in their home
country due to all these degrading political situation of Nepal and then heads
abroad in search of their better future. Due to the bad political situation of
Nepal those who are abroad and willing to return back to serve for the
development of country stays there as they feel unsafe about their future in
Nepal. It’s all due to political instability which has hampered a lot in
further development of the country. Hence, if government too becomes serious
about this matter and act accordingly to eradicate the political instability
and make youth feel safe in their home country then it might decrease the
number of emigration.
However, in the second
place, emigrating from one county to another has its advantages too. As every
coin has two sides this question too creates the same critics. These vary depending on where you immigrate
to, but a common reason is to find a better quality of life. These advantages
may be opportunities not available to people in their country of origin. Some
of the major benefits of emigration are to maintain financial stability to
avoid inflation with higher costs, better education opportunities with free
accommodation, scholarships and better job placement in the future, and better
chances for job advancement, higher pay rates and more employment opportunities
which in return help in the growth of the financial development of the family
as good quality of education and job placement guarantees a good living standard
and also for better health treatment. In context of nation’s pride too if the
individuals catch a right track and then fulfil their dream and succeed then
they can increase the reputation them and then too of Nepal which
simultaneously may lead to a good reputation onwards.
And now as a conclusion,
emigration if too helps in maintaining a better future of the person it
eventually will turn out to be a severe effect for the development of the
country. Hence regarding the pros and cons and the way the individuals take it,
if nothing is done now for the proper solution of emigration then in near
future it leads in lack of sufficient skills inside the country for its
development. The skills abroad becomes useless while here it will not be
sufficient. As more and more skilled and educated youths are attracted inside
country, bad aspects for the development of country will disappear due to
creation of awareness. When there becomes many skilled youths in the country
then self-employment too comes into existence which will lead to a direct
impact in development of nation. Self-employment reduces the number of
unemployment and also then others its side effects such as illegal activities
and crimes and then resulting to the reduction in corruption which ultimately
leads to a rapid growth in development process. And it’s not only government to
reduce emigration but also the youths themselves as government is just a part
of it and we are the one who created that government. Youth too should show
interests in expensing their talents and skills inside nation so as to contribute
for nation’s development rather than to waste in those foreign lands. Youth can
themselves create generate and produce new scientific skills and techniques
with new future planning developmental process too just inside the country.